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The Islamic Republic
of
Pakistan is a
country in the
Greater Middle East
and South Asia. It
is located in the
region where South
Asia converges with
Central Asia and the
Middle East. It has
a 1,046 kilometre
(650 mile) coastline
along the Arabian
Sea in the south,
and is bordered by
Afghanistan and
Iran in the west,
India in the
east and China in
the far northeast.
Pakistan is the
sixth most populous
country in the world
and has one of the
largest Muslim
populations in the
world. It was part
of
British India
prior to partition
in 1947 and has a
long history of
settlement and
civilisation
including the Indus
Valley Civilization.
The region has been
invaded by the
Greeks, Persians,
Arabs, Afghans,
Turks, and Mongols.
The territory was
incorporated into
British India in the
nineteenth century.
Since its
independence, the
country has been
characterized by
periods of military
and economic growth
interspersed with
political
instability.
The nation was
founded officially
as the Dominion of
Pakistan in 1947,
under the leadership
of Muhammad Ali
Jinnah and the
Muslim League, and
was renamed the
Islamic Republic of
Pakistan in 1956.
Pakistan was a
founding member of
the Organization of
the Islamic
Conference (OIC),
South Asian
Association for
Regional Cooperation
(SAARC), Developing
8 Countries and
Economic Cooperation
Organization. It is
also a member of the
United Nations
(UN), World Trade
Organization, G33
developing
countries, Group of
77 developing
nations and is a
nuclear power.
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